Al-Adab
Al-Mufrad
الأدب المفرد
Looking after girls
كتاب عول البنات
Chapter 43: The excellence of someone who looks after his daughter after she has been sent back home
بَابُ فَضْلِ مَنْ عَالَ ابْنَتَهُ الْمَرْدُودَةَ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 82
Al-Miqdam ibn Ma'dikarib heard the Messenger of Allah , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "What you feed yourself is sadaqah for you. What you feed your child is sadaqah for you. What you feed your wife is sadaqah is for you. What you feed your servant is sadaqa for you."
حَدَّثَنَا حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، عَنْ بَحِيرٍ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ: مَا أَطْعَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ فَهُوَ لَكَ صَدَقَةٌ، وَمَا أَطْعَمْتَ وَلَدَكَ فَهُوَ لَكَ صَدَقَةٌ، وَمَا أَطْعَمْتَ زَوْجَكَ فَهُوَ لَكَ صَدَقَةٌ، وَمَا أَطْعَمْتَ خَادِمَكَ فَهُوَ لَكَ صَدَقَةٌ.
Chapter 361: Changing the name 'Asiya (meaning "rebellious")
بَابُ تَحْوِيلِ اسْمِ عَاصِيَةَ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 820
Ibn 'Umar said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, changed a woman's name from 'Asiya (rebellious), saying, "You are Jamila (beautiful)."
حَدَّثَنَا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ غَيْرَ اسْمَ عَاصِيَةَ وَقَالَ: أَنْتِ جَمِيلَةُ.
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 821
Muhammad ibn 'Ata' related that he visited Zaynab bint Salama and she asked him about the name of one of his sisters. He reports
"I said, 'Her name is Barra.' She said, 'Change her name. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married Zaynab bint Jahsh. Her name was Barra and he changed it to Zaynab. I visited Umm Salama when she married him and my name was Barra. He heard her call me Barra and said, 'Do not adorn yourselves. Allah is the One who knows those who are pious (barra) among you and those who are deviant. Call her Zaynab.' Umm Salama said, 'She is Zaynab.' I said to Zaynab, 'Give her a name.' Zaynab said, 'Change it to what the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, changed it.'" So he called her Zaynab.حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالاَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، فَسَأَلَتْهُ عَنِ اسْمِ أُخْتٍ لَهُ عِنْدَهُ؟ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: اسْمُهَا بَرَّةُ، قَالَتْ: غَيِّرِ اسْمَهَا، فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَكَحَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ وَاسْمُهَا بَرَّةُ، فَغَيَّرَ اسْمَهَا إِلَى زَيْنَبَ، وَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ حِينَ تَزَوَّجَهَا، وَاسْمِي بَرَّةُ، فَسَمِعَهَا تَدْعُونِي: بَرَّةَ، فَقَالَ: لاَ تُزَكُّوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْبَرَّةِ مِنْكُنَّ وَالْفَاجِرَةِ، سَمِّيهَا زَيْنَبَ، فَقَالَتْ: فَهِيَ زَيْنَبُ، فَقُلْتُ لَهَا: سَمِّي، فَقَالَتْ: غَيِّرْهُ إِلَى مَا غَيَّرَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَسَمِّهَا زَيْنَبَ.
Chapter 362: Surm (meaning "separation")
بَابُ الصَّرْمِ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 822
Ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Sa'id al-Makhzumi, whose name was as-Surm, reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, named him Sa'id (happy). He related that he had seen 'Uthman reclining in the mosque.
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ حُبَابٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي جَدِّي، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ الصَّرْمَ، فَسَمَّاهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم سَعِيدًا، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مُتَّكِئًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 823
'Ali said, "When al-Husayn was born, I named him Harb (war). The Prophet came and said, 'Show me your son. What have you named him?' 'Harb,' we replied. He said, "He is Hasan.' When al-Husayn was born, I named him Harb. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and said, 'Show me your son. What have you named him?' 'Harb,' we replied. He said, "He is Husayn.' When we had a third son, I named him Harb. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and said, 'Show me your son. What have you named him?' 'Harb,' we replied. He said, "He is Muhassin." Then he said, 'I have named them according to the names of the sons of Harun
Shabr, Shubayr, and Mushabbir.'"حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ هَانِئِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا وُلِدَ الْحَسَنُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ سَمَّيْتُهُ: حَرْبًا، فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ: أَرُونِي ابْنِي، مَا سَمَّيْتُمُوهُ؟ قُلْنَا: حَرْبًا، قَالَ: بَلْ هُوَ حَسَنٌ. فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ الْحُسَيْنُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ سَمَّيْتُهُ حَرْبًا، فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ: أَرُونِي ابْنِي، مَا سَمَّيْتُمُوهُ؟ قُلْنَا: حَرْبًا، قَالَ: بَلْ هُوَ حُسَيْنٌ. فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ الثَّالِثُ سَمَّيْتُهُ: حَرْبًا، فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ: أَرُونِي ابْنِي، مَا سَمَّيْتُمُوهُ؟ قُلْنَا: حَرْبًا، قَالَ: بَلْ هُوَ مُحْسِنٌ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنِّي سَمَّيْتُهُمْ بِأَسْمَاءِ وَلَدِ هَارُونَ: شِبْرٌ، وَشَبِيرٌ، وَمُشَبِّرٌ.
Chapter 363: Ghurab (meaning "crow")
بَابُ غُرَابٍ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 824
It is reported that al-Harith ibn Abza said, "I was present at Hunayn with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he asked me, 'What is your name?' 'Ghurab,' I replied. He said, 'No, your name is Muslim.'"
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبْزَى قَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي أُمِّي رَائِطَةُ بِنْتُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهَا قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حُنَيْنًا، فَقَالَ لِي: مَا اسْمُكَ؟ قُلْتُ: غُرَابٌ، قَالَ: لا، بَلِ اسْمُكَ مُسْلِمٌ.
Chapter 364: Shihab (meaning "flame")
بَابُ شِهَابٍ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 825
'A'isha said, "A man called Shihab (flame) was mentioned in the presence of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Rather you are Hisham.'"
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ الْقَطَّانُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَوْفَى، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ: شِهَابٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: بَلْ أَنْتَ هِشَامٌ.
Chapter 365: Al-'As (meaning "rebel")
بَابُ الْعَاصِ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 826
Muti' said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say on the day of the Conquest of Makka, 'No Qurayshi will be killed in custody from today until the Day of Rising.'" None of the rebels of Quraysh except Muti' became Muslim. His name had been al-'As and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, renamed him Muti' (obedient).
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَامِرٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُطِيعٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُطِيعًا يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ، يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ: لاَ يُقْتَلُ قُرَشِيٌّ صَبْرًا بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَلَمْ يُدْرِكِ الإِسْلاَمَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ عُصَاةِ قُرَيْشٍ غَيْرُ مُطِيعٍ، كَانَ اسْمُهُ الْعَاصَ فَسَمَّاهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُطِيعًا.
Chapter 366: Someone who calls his companion and shortens or leaves out part of his name
بَابُ مَنْ دَعَا صَاحِبَهُ فَيَخْتَصِرُ وَيَنْقُصُ مِنَ اسْمِهِ شَيْئًا
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 827
'A'isha said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "'A'ish! Jibril sends you greetings." She said, "And peace be upon him and the mercy of Allah." She remarked, "He sees what I do not see."
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: يَا عَائِشُ، هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكِ السَّلاَمَ، قَالَتْ: وَعَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، قَالَتْ: وَهُوَ يَرَى مَا لا أَرَى.
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 828
Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Thumama, related that she went out to answer a call of nature,. Her brother, al-Makhariq ibn Thumama, said, "Go to 'A'isha and ask her about 'Uthman ibn 'Affan. People have said a lot about him. She said, "I went to her and said, 'One of your brothers sends you greetings and asks you about 'Uthman ibn 'Affan.' 'A'isha said, 'Peace be upon and the mercy of Allah.' 'A'isha then went on, 'I testify that I saw 'Uthman in this house one hot night when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had received revelation through Jibril. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, struck the palm - or held the hand - of Ibn 'Affan, saying, 'Write, 'Uthma! Allah has placed in this house with His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, only a man who is honoured with Him. If anyone curses Ibn 'Affan, the curse of Allah is on him.'"
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْيَشْكُرِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي جَدَّتِي أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتُ ثُمَامَةَ، أَنَّهَا قَدِمَتْ حَاجَّةً، فَإِنَّ أَخَاهَا الْمُخَارِقَ بْنَ ثُمَامَةَ قَالَ: ادْخُلِي عَلَى عَائِشَةَ، وَسَلِيهَا عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ أَكْثَرُوا فِيهِ عِنْدَنَا، قَالَتْ: فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَقُلْتُ: بَعْضُ بَنِيكِ يُقْرِئُكِ السَّلاَمَ، وَيَسْأَلُكِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، قَالَتْ: وَعَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ، قَالَتْ: أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَشْهَدُ عَلَى أَنِّي رَأَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ فِي هَذَا الْبَيْتِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ قَائِظَةٍ، وَنَبِيُّ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَجِبْرِيلُ يُوحِي إِلَيْهِ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَضْرِبُ كَفَّ، أَوْ كَتِفَ، ابْنِ عَفَّانَ بِيَدِهِ: اكْتُبْ، عُثْمُ، فَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ يُنْزِلُ تِلْكَ الْمَنْزِلَةَ مِنْ نَبِيِّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلاَّ رَجُلاً عَلَيْهِ كَرِيمًا، فَمَنْ سَبَّ ابْنَ عَفَّانَ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ.
Chapter 367: Zahm (meaning "crowd")
بَابُ زَحْمٍ
Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 829
Bashir ibn Nuhayk said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and said, 'What is your name?' 'Zahm,' I said. He said, 'You are Bashir (bringer of good news).' While I was walking and keeping pace with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he said, 'Ibn al-Khasasiyya! Are you resentful towards Allah? Do you keep pace with the Messenger of Allah?' I said, 'May my mother and father be your ransom, I do not hold any resentment against Allah. I have every blessing.' The Prophet came to the graves of the idolaters and said, 'These people have missed a lot of good. Then he came to the graves of the Muslims and said, 'These people have obtained much good.' There was a man wearing ox-hide sandals walking between the graves. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'You with the ox-hide sandals! Remove your sandals!' So he removed his sandals."
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الأَسْوَدُ بْنُ شَيْبَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ سُمَيْرٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي بَشِيرُ بْنُ نَهِيكٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا بَشِيرٌ قَالَ: أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَقَالَ: مَا اسْمُكَ؟ قَالَ: زَحْمٌ، قَالَ: بَلْ أَنْتَ بَشِيرٌ، فَبَيْنَمَا أَنَا أُمَاشِي النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ الْخَصَاصِيَةِ، مَا أَصْبَحْتَ تَنْقِمُ عَلَى اللهِ؟ أَصْبَحْتَ تُمَاشِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، قُلْتُ: بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي، مَا أَنْقِمُ عَلَى اللهِ شَيْئًا، كُلَّ خَيْرٍ قَدْ أَصَبْتُ. فَأَتَى عَلَى قُبُورِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ سَبَقَ هَؤُلاَءِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا، ثُمَّ أَتَى عَلَى قُبُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ هَؤُلاَءِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا، فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ عَلَيْهِ سِبْتِيَّتَانِ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ، فَقَالَ: يَا صَاحِبَ السِّبْتِيَّتَيْنِ، أَلْقِ سِبْتِيَّتَكَ، فَخَلَعَ نَعْلَيْهِ.
