Mishkat
al-Masabih
مشكاة المصابيح
Faith
كتاب الإيمان
Chapter 4c: Belief in the Divine Decree - Section 3
باب الإيمان بالقدر - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 113
Abud Darda' reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “Allah has preordained five things for every man He has created
his period of life, his action, his lying down, his moving about, and his provision.” Ahmad transmitted it.عَن أبي الدرداد قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَغَ إِلَى كُلِّ عَبْدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ مِنْ خَمْسٍ: مِنْ أَجَلِهِ وَعَمَلِهِ وَمَضْجَعِهِ وَأَثَرِهِ وَرِزْقِهِ ". رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ
Chapter 28a: The Imam's duty - Section 1
باب ما على الإمام - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 1130
Abu Qatada reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “When I begin the prayer. I intend to make it long, but I hear a boy crying and shorten my prayer, being aware of his mother’s emotion because of his crying.” Bukhari transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنِّي لَأَدْخُلُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ إِطَالَتَهَا فَأَسْمَعُ بُكَاءَ الصَّبِيِّ فَأَتَجَوَّزُ فِي صَلَاتِي مِمَّا أَعْلَمُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ وجد أمه من بكائه» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 28a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 1131
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “When one of you leads the people in prayer he should be brief, for among them are the sick, the weak, and the aged. But when one of you prays by himself he may be as long as he likes.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «إِذا صلى أحدكُم النَّاس فَلْيُخَفِّفْ فَإِنَّ فِيهِمُ السَّقِيمَ وَالضَّعِيفَ وَالْكَبِيرَ. وَإِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ لِنَفْسِهِ فَلْيُطَوِّلْ مَا شَاءَ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 28a Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 1132
Qais b. Abu Hazim said Abu Mas'ud told him of a man saying, “I swear by Allah, Messenger of Allah , that I keep away from the Morning Prayer on account of so and so, because he keeps us so long.” I never saw Allah's Messenger ﷺ more angry when giving an exhortation than he was that day. He said, “Some of you are scaring people away, so whoever of you leads the people in prayer must be brief, for among them are the weak, the aged, and people who have business to do.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَتَأَخَّرُ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْغَدَاةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ فُلَانٍ مِمَّا يُطِيلُ بِنَا فَمَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَوْعِظَةٍ أَشَدَّ غَضَبًا مِنْهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنَّ مِنْكُمْ مُنَفِّرِينَ فَأَيُّكُمْ مَا صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَلْيَتَجَوَّزْ: فَإِنَّ فِيهِمُ الضَّعِيفَ وَالْكَبِير وَذَا الْحَاجة "
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 28a Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 1133
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “They lead you in prayer, and if they do it properly you will reap a reward, but if they make mistakes you will reap a reward and they will be held responsible. Bukhari transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يُصَلُّونَ لَكُمْ فَإِنْ أَصَابُوا فَلَكُمْ وَإِنْ أَخْطَئُوا فَلَكُمْ وَعَلَيْهِمْ» . رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 28a Hadith 4
Chapter 28c: The Imam's duty - Section 3
باب ما على الإمام - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 1134
‘Uthman b. Abul ‘As said that the last command Allah's Messenger ﷺ gave him was, “When you act as imam for people, make the prayer short." Muslim transmitted it. In a version by him it says that Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to him, “Act as imam for your people” to which he said he replied, “Messenger of Allah, I find a defect in myself.” Telling him to come near and making him sit down in front of him, he placed his hand on his breast between his nipples; then telling him to turn round, he placed it on his back between his shoulders. He then said, “Act as imam for your people. Whoever acts as imam for people must be brief, for among them are the aged, among them are the sick, among them are the weak, and among them are people who have business to do. But when any of you prays alone he may pray as he likes.”
عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ قَالَ: آخِرُ مَا عَهِدَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا أَمَمْتَ قَوْمًا فَأَخِفَّ بِهِمُ الصَّلَاةَ» . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَهُ: «أُمَّ قَوْمَكَ» . قَالَ: قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَجِدُ فِي نَفْسِي شَيْئًا. قَالَ: «ادْنُهْ» . فَأَجْلَسَنِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ كَفَّهُ فِي صَدْرِي بَيْنَ ثَدْيَيَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «تَحَوَّلْ» . فَوَضَعَهَا فِي ظَهْرِي بَيْنَ كَتِفَيَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «أُمَّ قَوْمَكَ فَمَنْ أَمَّ قَوْمًا فَلْيُخَفِّفْ فَإِنَّ فيهم الْكَبِير وَإِن فيهم الْمَرِيض وَإِن فيهم الضَّعِيف وَإِن فهيم ذاالحاجة فَإِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ وَحْدَهُ فَلْيُصَلِّ كَيْفَ شَاءَ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 28c Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 1135
Ibn ‘Umar said
Allah's Messenger ﷺ used to command us to be brief, and he would recite as-Saffat (Al-Qur’an; 37) when he was our imam. Nasa’i transmitted it.وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْمُرُنَا بِالتَّخْفِيفِ وَيَؤُمُّنَا ب (الصافات) رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 28c Hadith 2
Chapter 29a: The manner in which one who is led in prayer by an Imam must follow him, and the rule applying to the one who is preceded by him - Section 1
باب ما على المأموم من المتابعة وحكم المسبوق - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 1136
Al-Bara’ b. ‘Azib said
We used to pray behind the Prophet, and when he said, "Allah listens to him who praises Him," none of us bowed his back till the Prophet (ﷺ) placed his forehead on the ground. (Bukhari and Muslim.)عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا نُصَلِّي خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا قَالَ: «سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ» . لَمْ يَحْنِ أَحَدٌ مِنَّا ظَهْرَهُ حَتَّى يَضَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم جَبهته على الأَرْض
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 29a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 1137
Anas said
Allah's Messenger ﷺ led us in prayer one day, and when he finished his prayer he faced us and said, "O people, I am your imam, so do not bow, prostrate yourselves, stand, or go away before I do, for I see you both in front of me and behind me." Muslim transmitted it.وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَلَمَّا قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي إِمَامُكُمْ فَلَا تَسْبِقُونِي بِالرُّكُوعِ وَلَا بِالسُّجُودِ وَلَا بِالْقِيَامِ وَلَا بِالِانْصِرَافِ: فَإِنِّي أَرَاكُمْ أَمَامِي وَمن خَلْفي ". رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 29a Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 1138
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, "Do not try to go ahead of the imam. When he says ‘Allah is most great’ say ‘Allah is most great’; when he says ‘Nor of those who err’ (i.e. the end of sura 1) say ‘Amen’; when he bows bow; and when he says ‘Allah listens to him who praises Him’ say, ‘O Allah, our Lord, to Thee be the praise’." (Bukhari and Muslim, but Bukhari did not mention "and when he says, ‘Nor of those who err”’.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تُبَادِرُوا الْإِمَامَ إِذَا كَبَّرَ فكبروا وَإِذا قَالَ: وَلَا الضَّالّين. فَقُولُوا: آمِينَ وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ: سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا: اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَك الْحَمد " إِلَّا أَنَّ الْبُخَارِيَّ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ: " وَإِذَا قَالَ: وَلَا الضَّالّين "
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 29a Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 1139
Anas said Allah's Messenger ﷺ was thrown off a horse he was riding and his right side was grazed. He then prayed one of the prayers sitting and we prayed behind him sitting, and when he finished he said, "The imam is appointed only to be followed; so when he prays standing pray standing, when he bows bow, when he raises himself raise yourselves, when he says ‘Allah listens to him who praises Him say, ‘Our Lord, to Thee be the praise’, and when he prays sitting all of you pray sitting." Al-Humaidi said that "when he prays sitting pray sitting" was said during his earlier illness.* After that the Prophet (ﷺ) prayed sitting while the people behind him were standing, but he did not order them to sit, and it is only the last action of the Prophet (ﷺ) that is to be acted upon. * The reference is to his illness at the time when he swore not to go near his wives for a month. This is Bukhari’s wording, and Muslim has the same up to “all of you”. In a version he added, “Do not act differently from him, and prostrate yourselves when he prostrates himself.”
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَكِبَ فَرَسًا فَصُرِعَ عَنْهُ فَجُحِشَ شِقُّهُ الْأَيْمَنُ فَصَلَّى صَلَاةً مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ فَصَلَّيْنَا وَرَاءَهُ قُعُودًا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِما فصلوا قيَاما فَإِذا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبنَا وَلَك الْحَمد وَإِذا صلى قَائِما فصلوا قيَاما وَإِذَا صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا أَجْمَعُونَ» قَالَ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ: قَوْلُهُ: «إِذَا صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا» هُوَ فِي مَرَضِهِ الْقَدِيمِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسًا وَالنَّاسُ خَلْفَهُ قِيَامٌ لَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِالْقُعُودِ وَإِنَّمَا يُؤْخَذُ بِالْآخِرِ فَالْآخِرِ مِنْ فِعْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. هَذَا لَفْظُ الْبُخَارِيِّ. وَاتَّفَقَ مُسْلِمٌ إِلَى أَجْمَعُونَ. وَزَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: «فَلَا تختلفوا عَلَيْهِ وَإِذا سجد فاسجدوا»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 4 Chapter 29a Hadith 4
