Mishkat
al-Masabih
مشكاة المصابيح
Purification
كتاب الطهارة
Chapter 3b: How to act when relieving oneself - Section 2
باب آداب الخلاء - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 347
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, "I am to you just like a father to his son, for I give you instruction. When you go to relieve yourselves do not face or turn your back to the qibla.” He commanded that three stones be used, he forbade the use of dung and decayed bones, and he forbade that a man should cleanse himself with his right hand. Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّمَا أَنَا لَكُمْ مِثْلُ الْوَالِدِ لِوَلَدِهِ أُعَلِّمُكُمْ إِذَا أَتَيْتُمُ الْغَائِطَ فَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ وَلَا تَسْتَدْبِرُوهَا وَأَمَرَ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَحْجَارٍ وَنَهَى عَنِ الرَّوْثِ وَالرِّمَّةِ وَنَهَى أَنْ يَسْتَطِيبَ الرَّجُلُ بِيَمِينِهِ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ
Chapter : Section 2
الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3470
Ibn ‘Abbas reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “The prescribed punishments are not to be inflicted in mosques and a father is not to be killed for a son.” Tirmidhi and Darimi transmitted it.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تُقَامُ الْحُدُودُ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ وَلَا يُقَادُ بِالْوَلَدِ الْوَالِدُ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ والدارمي
Mishkat al-Masabih 3471
Abu Rimtha said
I came to Allah's Messenger ﷺ with my father, and on his asking who this was along with him, he replied, “He is my son; be witness to the fact.” He said, “He will not bring evil on you, nor will you bring evil on him.”* Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it. * This is explained as meaning that neither will be punished for the wrong done by the other. In Sharh as-sunna there is an addition at the beginning. He said: I went in with my father to see Allah's Messenger ﷺ, and when my father saw what was on Allah's Messenger ﷺ’s back he said, “Let me treat what is on your back, for I am a physician.” He replied, “You are the helper, but Allah is the Physician.”* *i.e. you act in a gentle manner giving help and advice, but only Allah can cure.وَعَن أبي رِمْثَةَ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَ أبي فقالَ: «مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي مَعَكَ؟» قَالَ: ابْنِي أَشْهَدُ بِهِ قَالَ: «أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَا يَجْنِي عَلَيْكَ وَلَا تَجْنِي عَلَيْهِ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَزَادَ فِي «شَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ» فِي أَوَّلِهِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَأَى أَبِي الَّذِي بِظَهْرِ رَسُول الله صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم فَقَالَ: دَعْنِي أُعَالِجُ الَّذِي بِظَهْرِكِ فَإِنِّي طَبِيبٌ. فَقَالَ: «أَنْتَ رفيقٌ واللَّهُ الطبيبُ»
Mishkat al-Masabih 3472
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said his grandfather told that Suraqa b. Malik said he was present when Allah's Messenger ﷺ allowed a father to take retaliation on his son, but did not allow a son to take retaliation on his father. Tirmidhi transmitted it, declaring it to be weak.
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جدِّهِ عَن سُراقةَ بنِ مالكٍ قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقِيدُ الْأَبَ مِنِ ابْنِهِ وَلَا يُقِيدُ الِابْنَ من أَبِيه. رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ (لم تتمّ دراسته) وَضَعفه
Mishkat al-Masabih 3473
Al-Hasan, on Samura’s authority, quoted Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “If anyone kills his slave we will kill him, and if anyone maims his slave we will maim him.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it, and Nasa’i added in another version, “If anyone castrates his slave we will castrate him.”
وَعَن الْحسن عَن سَمُرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ قَتَلَ عَبْدَهُ قَتَلْنَاهُ وَمَنْ جَدَعَ عَبْدَهُ جَدَعْنَاهُ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ وَزَادَ النَّسَائِيُّ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: «وَمن خصى عَبده خصيناه»
Mishkat al-Masabih 3474
'Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said his grandfather reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “If anyone kills a man deliberately he is to be handed over to the relatives of the one who has been killed. If they wish they may kill him, but if they wish they may accept blood wit, which is thirty she-camels in their fourth year, thirty in their fifth year, and forty pregnant she-camels. Any arrangement they make with him is for them to decide.” Tirmidhi transmitted it.
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَنْ قَتَلَ مُتَعَمِّدًا دُفِعَ إِلَى أولياءِ المقتولِ فإِنْ شاؤوا قَتَلوا وإِنْ شَاؤوا أَخَذُوا الدِّيَةَ: وَهِيَ ثَلَاثُونَ حِقَّةً وَثَلَاثُونَ جَذَعَةً وَأَرْبَعُونَ خَلِفَةً وَمَا صَالَحُوا عَلَيْهِ فَهُوَ لَهُمْ ". رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ
Mishkat al-Masabih 3475, 3476
‘Ali reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “The lives of all Muslims are equal; the lowliest of them can guarantee their protection, the most distant can keep others from breaking protection he has given,* and they are one band against others. A Muslim must not be killed for an infidel, nor must one who has been given a covenant be killed while his covenant holds.” Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it, and Ibn Majah transmitted it on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas. * The interpretation which seems to be preferred is that no matter how far one may live from the land of infidels, any protection one may guarantee to an infidel must be respected by all Muslims. Another possible explanation is that when a detachment is sent ahead into infidel country those who remain behind them are entitled to their portion of any spoil they take, but it is felt that this meaning does not suit the context. The Arabic words are wa-yaruddu 'alaihim aqsahum.
وَعَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الْمُسْلِمُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ وَيَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ أَقْصَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِه» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ وَرَوَاهُ ابْن مَاجَه عَن ابْن عَبَّاس
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 16 Chapter Hadith 6
Mishkat al-Masabih 3477
Abu Shuraih al-Khuza'i told that he heard Allah's Messenger ﷺ say, “If a relative of anyone is killed, or if he suffers khabal, which means a wound, he may choose one of three things, but if he wants anything more* you must restrain him. He may retaliate, or forgive, or receive compensation; but if he accepts one of these and afterwards asks something more, he will go to hell for ever and ever.” Darimi transmitted it. * Literally “the fourth.”
وَعَن أبي شُريحِ الخُزاعيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِدَمٍ أَوْ خَبْلٍ وَالْخَبْلُ: الْجُرْحُ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ بَيْنَ إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: فَإِنْ أَرَادَ الرَّابِعَةَ فَخُذُوا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ: بَيْنَ أَنْ يَقْتَصَّ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ أَوْ يَأْخُذَ الْعَقْلَ فَإِنْ أَخَذَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ عَدَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ النَّارُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا مُخَلَّدًا أبدا ". رَوَاهُ الدَّارمِيّ
Mishkat al-Masabih 3478
Ta’us, on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas, reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “If anyone is killed in error when people are throwing stones, or by beating with whips, or striking with a stick, it is accidental and the compensation for accidental death is due.* But if anyone kills someone deliberately retaliation is due, and if anyone tries to prevent it Allah’s curse and anger will rest on him, and neither supererogatory nor obligatory acts will be accepted from him.” Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it. *These are instances in which the actual person who killed him is not clearly known, or where there was no intention to kill.
وَعَن طَاوُوس عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي عِمِّيَّةٍ فِي رَمْيٍ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ أَوْ جَلْدٍ بِالسِّيَاطِ أَوْ ضَرْبٍ بِعَصًا فَهُوَ خَطَأٌ عقله الْخَطَأِ وَمَنْ قَتَلَ عَمْدًا فَهُوَ قَوَدٌ وَمَنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَغَضَبُهُ لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ
Mishkat al-Masabih 3479
Jabir reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying, “I will not forgive any-one who kills after accepting blood wit.” Abu Dawud transmitted it.
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا أُعْفِي مَنْ قَتَلَ بعدَ أَخذ الديةِ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد